Microeconomic Analysis of Socio-economic Determinants Of Primary School Dropouts in Tanzania: The Case of Rombo District
Corresponding Author(s) : Monica Sebastian Kauky
Journal of Humanities & Social Science (JHSS),
Vol. 3 No. 1 & 2 (2014): Volume 3, Nos. 1 & 2, 2014
Abstract
Based on Professor Maghimbi’s ideas about the expansion of education in the country,
this study analyses socio-economic determinants of primary school dropouts in
Tanzania. The article employs both qualitative and quantitative design using primary
data (cross-section), and the population of interest were children who had dropped
out of school, and their parents/heads of the households. A simple logistic regression
model was employed for analysis. The study uses the data gathered through semistructured interviews, in-depth interviews, questionnaires and direct observation of
phenomena. The results found that the gender of the head of the household, the
highest education attained by other members of the household, the costs incurred by a
pupil/parent in school in a year and distance from home to the nearest school have a
positive impact in determining primary school dropout; while employment status and
age of the head of the household have a negative impact on primary school dropout.
The household income and household level of education were found to have no
impact on primary school dropout.
Keywords
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- Alexander, R. 2008. Education for All, the Quality Imperative and the Problem of Pedagogy.
- CREATE Pathways to Access No 20. Consortium for Research on Educational Access,
- Transitions and Equity: University of Sussex.
- Anil, P. 1997. Determinants of primary school enrolment and Household schooling Expenditure in
- Kenya. Do they vary by income? Department of Economics, University of Washington.
- Ayo et al. 1995. Human resource Utilization and Internal Efficiency in State-Owned Universities in
- Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 1.
- Baker, W. 2000. Child Labor and Poverty Alleviation: Tobacco Production in Malawi. Washington DC:
- The George Washington University.
- Bategeka L., M. Ayok & A. Mukungu. 2004. Financing Primary Education for All. Uganda Institute of
- Development Studies, University of Sussex.
- Becker, G. 1962. Investment in Human Capital: A theoretical Analysis. Journal of Political Economy,
- (5): 9–49.
- —. 1964. Human capital. New York, Columbia University Press.
- —. 1994. Human Capital: A Theoretical Empirical Analysis with special reference to education. Chicago:
- The University of Chicago Press.
- Becker, G. & N. Thomes. 1986. Human capital and the rise and fall of families. Journal of Labour
- Economics, 4(3), Part 2.
- —. Thomes. 1996. Child endowment and the quantity and quality of children. Journal of political
- economy, 84(4), Part 2.
- Burke, K. & K. Beegle. 2004. Why children aren’t attending to school: The case of Northern
- Tanzania. Journal of African economies. 13(2): 333–355.
- Chimombo, J.P.G. & R.G. Chonzi. 1996. School dropout and Teenage Pregnancy. Center for
- Educational Research and Training (CERT), Zomba.
- Christenson, S. L., & M. L. Thurlow. 2004. School dropouts: Prevention considerations,
- interventions, and challenges. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13: 36–39.
- Fargerlind, A. & J. Sahal. 1997. Education and National Developments. New Delhi: Reed Educational
- and Professional Publishing Ltd.
- Glick, P. & D.E. Sahn. 2000. Schooling for girls and boys in a West African Country: The effect of
- parental education, income, and household structure. Economics of Education Review, 19: 63–87.
- Green, W. 1997. Econometrics analysis. London: Prentice Hall international Limited.
- Gupta, C. B. 2001. Principles and practice of management. Sixth edition. New Delhi: Saraswati
- Printing Press.
- Gurajati, D.N. 2003. Basic Econometrics. Fourth Edition. New York: McGraw Hill.
- Harry A. S. 2005. Female Labour Participation in Ghana: The effect of Education. University of
- Manitoba. AERC Research paper 150, Nairobi.
- Henrietta I, J &E. E. Omotunde. 2009. Dropout from school among girls in EDO state: Implication
- for counseling. University Of Benin, Benin city Nigeria
- Holmes, J.C. 2010. Determinants of primary school attainment in Lundamatwe Tanzania:
- Implications of project Kesho’s Programming. MA dissertation, Evans School of Public Affairs,
- University of Washington.
- Jensen, P. & H.S. Nielsen. 1996. Child labour of school attendance? Evidence from Zambia. Journal of
- population Economics 10: 407–424.
- Maghimbi, S. 2007. Recent changes in crop patterns in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania: The decline
- of coffee and the rise of maize and rice. African Study Monographs, Supplement 35: 73–83.
- —. S. 2012. The quality of education in Tanzania: An exploration into its determinants. Journal of
- Education, Humanities and Sciences, 1(1): 1–15.
- Mbelle, A. & J. Katabaro. 2003. School enrolment, Performance and Access to education in Tanzania.
- Research on Poverty alleviation. (REPOA), University of Dar es Saaam, Research Report no 03.
- Mike N. A. & I. Doreen, 2008. Socio-Economic Determinants of Primary School Dropout in
- Uganda: The Logistic Model Analysis. Economic Policy Research Centre, Makerere University,
- MPRA paper No.7851.
- Mincer, J. 1962. Schooling experience and earnings. New York, Columbia.
- Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (MoEVT). 2006. Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania.
- -2010. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer Tanzania.
- —. 2009. Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer Tanzania.
- —. 2010. Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania: 2006-2010. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer Tanzania.
- Namphande, P. 2007. Choice orDeprivation? Primary SchoolDropouts in Malawi. The Case of
- Kasungu District. Norwegian University of Science and Technology.Trondheim.
- Nielsen, H.S. 1999. Child Labour and School Attendance in Zambia: Two Joint Decisions. CLS WP
- -15, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Padmanabhan. 2001. Internal efficiency of Primary Education. Journal of Business Logistics, 22(200).
- Sakamoto & Powers. 1995. Education and the Dual Labour Market for Japanese Men. American
- Sociological Review, 60: 222-246.
- Schultz. 1971. Investment in Education. American Economic Review, 51: 1-17.
- United Republic of Tanzania (URT). 1995. Education and Training policy. Dar es Salaam:
- Government Printer.
- —. 1996. Education and Training policy. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer.
- World Bank. 1993. Economic Analysis of Projects: Towards a Results-oriented Approach to
- Evaluation Memorandum.Washington, D.C.
References
Alexander, R. 2008. Education for All, the Quality Imperative and the Problem of Pedagogy.
CREATE Pathways to Access No 20. Consortium for Research on Educational Access,
Transitions and Equity: University of Sussex.
Anil, P. 1997. Determinants of primary school enrolment and Household schooling Expenditure in
Kenya. Do they vary by income? Department of Economics, University of Washington.
Ayo et al. 1995. Human resource Utilization and Internal Efficiency in State-Owned Universities in
Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 1.
Baker, W. 2000. Child Labor and Poverty Alleviation: Tobacco Production in Malawi. Washington DC:
The George Washington University.
Bategeka L., M. Ayok & A. Mukungu. 2004. Financing Primary Education for All. Uganda Institute of
Development Studies, University of Sussex.
Becker, G. 1962. Investment in Human Capital: A theoretical Analysis. Journal of Political Economy,
(5): 9–49.
—. 1964. Human capital. New York, Columbia University Press.
—. 1994. Human Capital: A Theoretical Empirical Analysis with special reference to education. Chicago:
The University of Chicago Press.
Becker, G. & N. Thomes. 1986. Human capital and the rise and fall of families. Journal of Labour
Economics, 4(3), Part 2.
—. Thomes. 1996. Child endowment and the quantity and quality of children. Journal of political
economy, 84(4), Part 2.
Burke, K. & K. Beegle. 2004. Why children aren’t attending to school: The case of Northern
Tanzania. Journal of African economies. 13(2): 333–355.
Chimombo, J.P.G. & R.G. Chonzi. 1996. School dropout and Teenage Pregnancy. Center for
Educational Research and Training (CERT), Zomba.
Christenson, S. L., & M. L. Thurlow. 2004. School dropouts: Prevention considerations,
interventions, and challenges. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13: 36–39.
Fargerlind, A. & J. Sahal. 1997. Education and National Developments. New Delhi: Reed Educational
and Professional Publishing Ltd.
Glick, P. & D.E. Sahn. 2000. Schooling for girls and boys in a West African Country: The effect of
parental education, income, and household structure. Economics of Education Review, 19: 63–87.
Green, W. 1997. Econometrics analysis. London: Prentice Hall international Limited.
Gupta, C. B. 2001. Principles and practice of management. Sixth edition. New Delhi: Saraswati
Printing Press.
Gurajati, D.N. 2003. Basic Econometrics. Fourth Edition. New York: McGraw Hill.
Harry A. S. 2005. Female Labour Participation in Ghana: The effect of Education. University of
Manitoba. AERC Research paper 150, Nairobi.
Henrietta I, J &E. E. Omotunde. 2009. Dropout from school among girls in EDO state: Implication
for counseling. University Of Benin, Benin city Nigeria
Holmes, J.C. 2010. Determinants of primary school attainment in Lundamatwe Tanzania:
Implications of project Kesho’s Programming. MA dissertation, Evans School of Public Affairs,
University of Washington.
Jensen, P. & H.S. Nielsen. 1996. Child labour of school attendance? Evidence from Zambia. Journal of
population Economics 10: 407–424.
Maghimbi, S. 2007. Recent changes in crop patterns in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania: The decline
of coffee and the rise of maize and rice. African Study Monographs, Supplement 35: 73–83.
—. S. 2012. The quality of education in Tanzania: An exploration into its determinants. Journal of
Education, Humanities and Sciences, 1(1): 1–15.
Mbelle, A. & J. Katabaro. 2003. School enrolment, Performance and Access to education in Tanzania.
Research on Poverty alleviation. (REPOA), University of Dar es Saaam, Research Report no 03.
Mike N. A. & I. Doreen, 2008. Socio-Economic Determinants of Primary School Dropout in
Uganda: The Logistic Model Analysis. Economic Policy Research Centre, Makerere University,
MPRA paper No.7851.
Mincer, J. 1962. Schooling experience and earnings. New York, Columbia.
Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (MoEVT). 2006. Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania.
-2010. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer Tanzania.
—. 2009. Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer Tanzania.
—. 2010. Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania: 2006-2010. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer Tanzania.
Namphande, P. 2007. Choice orDeprivation? Primary SchoolDropouts in Malawi. The Case of
Kasungu District. Norwegian University of Science and Technology.Trondheim.
Nielsen, H.S. 1999. Child Labour and School Attendance in Zambia: Two Joint Decisions. CLS WP
-15, Centre for Labour Market and Social Research, Aarhus, Denmark.
Padmanabhan. 2001. Internal efficiency of Primary Education. Journal of Business Logistics, 22(200).
Sakamoto & Powers. 1995. Education and the Dual Labour Market for Japanese Men. American
Sociological Review, 60: 222-246.
Schultz. 1971. Investment in Education. American Economic Review, 51: 1-17.
United Republic of Tanzania (URT). 1995. Education and Training policy. Dar es Salaam:
Government Printer.
—. 1996. Education and Training policy. Dar es Salaam: Government Printer.
World Bank. 1993. Economic Analysis of Projects: Towards a Results-oriented Approach to
Evaluation Memorandum.Washington, D.C.